In 1988, the Japanese American reparations bill becomes law as the Civil Rights Redress Act of 1988. This lays the framework for $1.2 billion ($20,000 each) paid to Japanese Americans and a Letter of Apology as Federal redress.

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June 15, 2001

In 2001, in another case, a French court holds that French banks that hoarded assets of Jews have to create a fund of $50 million for those individuals with evidence of previous accounts (New York Times, June 13, 2001, A-14).

March 23, 2019

More than 700 claims have been filed under an agreement between U.S. and France in which French officials have agreed to pay out $60 million for the deportations carried out by SNCF, the France’s railway system. In exchange, the U.S. government agreed to ask courts to dismiss any lawsuits against SNCF or the French government (“U.S. Begins Paying Out Reparations from France to Holocaust Survivors and Their Heirs” by Katherine Shaver, Washington Post, September 15, 2016).

August 10, 2018

Swiss banks agree to pay $1.25 billion in connection with claims concerning bank accounts appropriated during World War II.