The African and African Descendants Caucus successfully lobbies for reparations and to have the Maafa (African Holocaust, Holocaust of Enslavement, or Black Holocaust) included in the final declaration document at the 2001 United Nations World Conference against Racism (WCAR) in Durban, South Africa.

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June 29, 2018

Resolution on reparations is sponsored by Aldermember Dorothy Tillman in Chicago City Council.

March 23, 2019

The state of North Carolina set aside $10 million for reparations payments to living survivors of the state’s eugenics program, which forcibly sterilized approximately 7,600 people (“North Carolina Set To Compensate Forced Sterilization Victims” by Scott Neuman, NPR, July 25, 2013; “Families of NC Eugenics Victims No Longer Alive Still Have Shot at Compensation” by Anne Blythe, News & Observer (Raleigh, N.C.), March 17, 2017).

June 29, 2018

In 1989, Massachusetts State Senator Bill Owens introduces Senate Bill 1621, cosponsored by Representatives Shirley Owens-Hicks and Byron Rushing. This bill is an act to provide for reparations by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts for slavery, the slave trade, and invidious discrimination against people of African descent born or residing in the US.